Treatment Options for Other Childhood Kidney Tumors

For information about the treatments listed below, see the Treatment Option Overview section.

Renal Cell Cancer (RCC)

Treatment of renal cell cancer may include:

• Surgery, which may be:
  • nephrectomy with removal of lymph nodes; or
  • partial nephrectomy with removal of lymph nodes.
• Immunotherapy (interferon or interleukin-2) for cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
• Targeted therapy (tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as sunitinib or cabozantinib) for cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
• A clinical trial of targeted therapy with monoclonal antibody therapy (nivolumab) or a combination of nivolumab with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (axitinib) for cancer that has a certain gene change and cannot be removed by surgery or has spread to other parts of the body.

See the PDQ summary about Renal Cell Cancer Treatment for more information.

Use our clinical trial search to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. General information about clinical trials is also available.

Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney

There is no standard treatment for rhabdoid tumor of the kidney. Treatment may include:

• A combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy.
• High-dose chemotherapy with or without stem cell rescue.

Use our clinical trial search to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. General information about clinical trials is also available.

Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney

Treatment of clear cell sarcoma of the kidney may include:

• Nephrectomy with removal of lymph nodes followed by combination chemotherapy (including doxorubicin) and radiation therapy to the abdomen.

Use our clinical trial search to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. General information about clinical trials is also available.

Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma

Treatment of stages I, II, and certain patients with stage III congenital mesoblastic nephroma may include:

• Surgery.

Treatment for certain patients with stage III congenital mesoblastic nephroma may include:

• Surgery followed by chemotherapy.

A clinical trial of targeted therapy with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (larotrectinib) for cancer that has a certain gene change and has not been treated.

Use our clinical trial search to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. General information about clinical trials is also available.

Ewing Sarcoma of the Kidney

There is no standard treatment for Ewing sarcoma of the kidney. Treatment may include:

• A combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

It may also be treated in the same way that Ewing sarcoma is treated. See the PDQ summary about Ewing Sarcoma Treatment for more information.

Use our clinical trial search to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. General information about clinical trials is also available.

Primary Renal Myoepithelial Carcinoma

There is no standard treatment for primary renal myoepithelial carcinoma. Treatment may include:

• A combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Cystic Partially Differentiated Nephroblastoma

Treatment of cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma may include:

• Surgery that may be followed by chemotherapy.

Multilocular Cystic Nephroma

Treatment of multilocular cystic nephroma usually includes:

• Surgery.

Primary Renal Synovial Sarcoma

Treatment of primary renal synovial sarcoma usually includes:

• Chemotherapy.

Anaplastic Sarcoma of the Kidney

There is no standard treatment for anaplastic sarcoma of the kidney. Treatment is usually the same treatment given for anaplastic Wilms tumor.

Nephroblastomatosis (Diffuse Hyperplastic Perilobar Nephroblastomatosis)

The treatment of nephroblastomatosis depends on the following:

• Whether the child has abnormal groups of cells in one or both kidneys.
• Whether the child has Wilms tumor in one kidney and groups of abnormal cells in the other kidney.

Treatment of nephroblastomatosis may include:

• Chemotherapy followed by nephrectomy. Sometimes a partial nephrectomy may be done to keep as much kidney function as possible.